Panchanan Barma: The Forgotten Architect of Rajbanshi Renaissance in North Bengal
Introduction:
Panchanan Barma (1866–1935) is one of the most respected social reformers and leaders to have emerged from North Bengal. He is remembered primarily for his relentless efforts in uplifting the Rajbanshi (or Koch-Rajbanshi) community—an indigenous and historically marginalized group. His legacy continues to echo through the hills and plains of North Bengal, not only as a leader but also as a symbol of social justice and identity. He is a highly respected figure in North Bengal for his efforts in uplifting marginalized communities.
Early Life and Background
Born on February 13, 1866, in Cooch Behar district, Panchanan Barma came from the Rajbanshi community. At a time when education was a luxury and caste-based discrimination was deeply entrenched; he pursued higher education and earned a law degree—an extraordinary achievement for someone from a socially oppressed background. He launched the Kshatriya Movement to demand recognition of Rajbanshi’s as Kshatriyas (a higher varna in Hindu society), emphasizing their historical roots as warriors and kings.
This movement was a major step in building social confidence and identity among the Rajbanshi.
Why is He Famous in North Bengal?
1. Champion of Rajbanshi Identity
He fought against their social and cultural marginalization and worked toward their empowerment through education and unity. Rajbanshi Renaissance in North Bengal begin by him.
2. Founder of Kshatriya Samiti (1910)
He formed the Kshatriya Samiti to assert the Kshatriya status of the Rajbanshi’s and revive their sense of collective pride. The organization helped unite Rajbanshi across regions like North Bengal, Assam, and parts of Bihar.
3. Social Reformer
He worked tirelessly to end child marriage, promote widow remarriage, and spread education among the Rajbanshi population.
4. Legal Activism and Leadership
He used his legal training to fight social injustice, becoming a mentor and visionary for his community.
Why Is He Still in the Limelight in North Bengal Today?
1. Symbol of Social Justice
His vision still inspires those fighting for dignity, rights, and recognition of marginalized groups.
2. Cultural Icon of Rajbanshi Pride
His name lives on in cultural festivals, literature, and institutions throughout North Bengal.
3. Educational Relevance
Panchanan Barma is studied in schools and universities, especially in North Bengal, for his historical impact. Studied law in Kolkata and became one of the first Rajbanshi lawyers.
4. Political and Ethnic Movements
Modern identity and autonomy movements still invoke his legacy to demand justice and recognition.
Conclusion
Panchanan Barma’s life was a journey of courage, reform, and community empowerment. His relevance in North Bengal has not faded—in fact, it has grown stronger as new generations continue to look up to him as a source of inspiration and strength. He is not just a historical figure; he is a living symbol of dignity, pride, and resistance.